Vertical closure hinge with an anti-binding feature

ABSTRACT

This invention is directed toward improvements in closure hinges of the type employing curved hinge sections which rotatably interconnect. A rigid link is employed at the ends of the hinge to help retain the hinge sections interconnected. Existing hinge elements are used to connect the links to the hinge. Fasteners means are employed to prevent the hinge sections from moving longitudinally with respect to each other. Spacer elements are provided to prevent the fasteners from binding on the hinge sections.

This is a continuation of application Ser. No. 331,385 filed Dec. 16,1981, now U.S. Pat. No. 4,475,268 issued Oct. 9, 1984.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

This invention is directed toward improvements in hinges.

The invention is more particularly directed toward improvements inhinges of the type having two hinge members, each hinge member havingcurved hinge sections, the curved hinge sections of the two hingemembers rotatably interconnected to rotatably connect the hinge memberstogether.

In one embodiment of the invention, an improvement is provided whichstrengthens the hinge. In another embodiment of the invention, animprovement is provided which minimizes binding of the hinge.

2. Description of the Prior Art

Hinges of the above type are normally used to connect panels together infolding closures. The hinge members are normally extruded from aluminumor other similar material. Normally, the curved hinge sections arestrong enough to retain the hinge members in interlocked orinterconnected relation. However it has been found that the hingemembers can be laterally separated from each other if enough force isapplied. The curved hinge sections can straighten out slightly under anapplied force allowing the hinge members to move laterally apart. Thehinge members can be heat treated to strengthen them and thus minimizethe problem. However heat treatment is a relatively expensive solutionto the problem.

The known hinge members are longitudinally retained in interconnectedposition by retaining means at each end of the hinge. The longitudinalretaining means comprise a headed fastener which is connected to a hingesection on one hinge member while the head of the fastener overlaps ahinge section on the other hinge member. To be strong enough thefastener is normally made of steel or other similar material. However inclosures where the hinges are vertical, the hard steel head of thebottom fastener wears away the softer aluminum hinge section that itoverlaps as the hinge rotates. This wear can lead to the hinge memberbinding on the fastener to prevent proper operation of the hinge.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

It is therefore, one purpose of the present invention to provide meansto strengthen the hinge against lateral separation in an inexpensivemanner. It is another purpose of the present invention to provide meansto prevent relative longitudinal movement of the interconnected hingemembers without interfering with proper operation of the hinge. It is afurther purpose of the present invention to provide means which bothstrengthens the hinge and which helps retain the hinge membersinterconnected both laterally and longitudinally without interferingwith the hinge operation.

In acciordance with the present invention, in one embodiment, link meansare provided at the ends of the hinge to connect the hinge memberstogether and to prevent, or at least minimize, their tendency toseparate laterally under an applied force. The link means are attachedto the hinge with existing fasteners employed in the hinge structure toprovide simple, inexpensive strengthening means. In another embodimentof the invention, headed fastener means are provided to preventlongitudinal separation of the interconnected curved hinge sections withmeans to minimize wear between the fastener means and the hingesections. In a further embodiment of the present invention the linkmeans are employed with the headed fastener means and the wearminimizing means to strengthen the hinge against both lateral andlongitudinal separation.

The invention, in one embodiment, is particularly directed toward ahinge for rotatably joining together a pair of panels in a foldingclosure. The hinge has a first hinge member with means for connecting itto a first panel and with curved hinge sections, and a second hingemember with means for connecting it to a second panel and with curvedhinge sections. The curved hinge sections on the first and second hingemembers rotatably interconnect to rotatably connect the hinge memberstogether. Rigid link means are provided at the ends of the hinge membersto prevent the hinge members from laterally separating.

The invention, in a second embodiment, is particularly directed toward ahinge for rotatably joining together a pair of panels in a foldingclosure. The hinge has a first hinge member with means for connecting itto a first panel and with curved hinge sections, and a second hingemember with means for connecting it to a second panel and with curvedhinge sections. The curved hinge sections on the first and second hingemembers rotatably interconnect to rotatably connect the hinge memberstogether. Headed fasterer means are provided at each end of the hingefor preventing longitudinal separation of the interconnected hingemembers. The headed fastener means are fastened to one of the hingesections of one of the hinge members at the axis of rotation of theinterconnected hinge sections and overlie one of the hinge sections onthe other hinge member. Means are provided for preventing the headedfastener from contacting the hinge section it overlies.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a cross-section view of the assembled hinge;

FIG. 2 is a cross-section view of the first hinge member;

FIG. 3 is a cross-section view of the second hinge member;

FIG. 4 is a cross-section view of the panel;

FIG. 5 is a cross-section view of the fastener joining a hinge member toa panel;

FIG. 6 is a cross-section view of the fastener joining the hingesections together;

FIG. 7 is a plan view of the link;

FIG. 8 is a plan view of the link when installed;

FIG. 9 is a cross-section view of the fastener joining the hingesections together with a spacer;

FIG. 10 is a cross-section view of the fastener joining the hingesections together with a shoulder on the fastener; and

FIG. 11 is a cross-section view showing the link used with a spacer.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

The improved hinge 1 of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, isparticularly suited for use in pivotally joining adjacent elongatedpanels 3 together along their adjacent long sides. The panels 3 normallyform part of a folding closure. The improved hinge 1 includes two hingemembers 5, 7. The first hinge member 5 has an elongated base 9 carryingtwo curved, elongated hinge sections 11, 13. The second hinge member 7also has an elongated base 15 carrying two curved, elongated hingesections 17, 19.

In more detail, the elongated base 9 of the first hinge member 5, asshown in FIG. 2, has a generally square cross-sectional shape. A bore 21extends longitudinally through the base. The bore 21 has a rectangularcross-sectional shape and is located adjacent the inner wall 23 of thebase 9. A narrow longitudinal slot 25 in the center of wall 23 providesaccess to bore 21. A longitudinal groove 27 is provided in the wall 29of bore 21 opposite slot 25. The groove 27 is adjacent the outer wall 31of base 9 and has a part-circular cross-sectional shape, which shape issubstantially more than half a circle. The base 15 of hinge member 7 isidentical to the base 9 as shown in FIG. 3.

The curved hinge section 11 on the first hinge member 5, as shown inFIG. 2, arbitrarily called the first hinge section, comprises a thinstrip 35 of material having a part-circular cross-sectional shape whichshape is substantially three-quarters of a circle. The curved hingesection 13 on first hinge member 5, arbitrarily called the third hingesection, also comprises a thin strip 37 of material having apart-circular cross-sectional shape which shape is substantially half acircle. The first hinge section 11 has a substantially smaller radius ofcurvature than the third hinge section 13. The first hinge section 11 isconcentrically located within the third hinge section 13 and is joinedto the third hinge section 13 by a thin, radially extending web 39 whichconnects to section 13 near one of its edges 41. Section 13 in turn isconnected by its other edge 43 to the outer wall 31 of base 9 adjacent aside wall 45.

The curved hinge section 17 on the second hinge member 7, arbitrarilycalled the second hinge section, comprises a thin strip 47 of materialhaving a part-circular cross-sectional shape which shape is aboutone-quarter of a circle as shown in FIG. 3. The strip 47 is attachedalong one edge 49 by a thin narrow web 51 to the base 15. The web 51extends generally transversely from outer wall 31 of base 15 adjacent aside wall 45. The curved hinge section 19, arbitrarily called the fourthhinge section, comprises a thin strip 53 of materials having apart-circular, cross-sectional shape which shape is about half a circle.The strip 53 is attached along one edge 55 to the web 51 adjacent base15 and curves in the opposite direction to second hinge section 17. Thesecond and fourth hinge sections 17, 19 curve toward each other and areconcentric to each other with the second hinge section 17 having asmaller radius of curvature than the fourth hinge section 19. The secondhinge section 17 has a slightly larger curvature of radius than thefirst hinge section 11; the third hinge section 13 has a slightly largerradius of curvature than the second hinge section 17; and the fourthhinge section 19 has a slightly larger radius of curvature than thethird hinge section 13.

The panels 3 can each comprise a narrow long plate 61 as shown in FIG. 4having a narrow transverse flange 63, 65 along each side edge 67, 69respectively. Each flange 63, 65 has a central longitudinal groove 71 inits outer side 73. The groove 71 is part-circular in cross-sectionshape.

The first hinge member 5 is mounted on one side 67 of a panel 3 bysliding it over flange 63 on side 67 as shown in FIG. 1. Flange 3 fitssnugly within bore 21 with plate 61 passing through slot 25 and withgroove 71 in flange 63 aligned with groove 27 in base 9. Together, thegrooves 27 71 form a cylindrical opening 75. The second hinge member 7is similarly mounted on the side 69 of a second panel 3 by sliding itover flange 65. Flange 65 fits snugly within bore 21 with plate 61passing through slot 25 in base 15. Groove 71 in flange 65 aligns withgroove 27 in base 15 to form a cylindrical opening 77. A fastener 79, asshown in FIG. 5, having a threaded shank 81 and a head 83 is screwedinto each end of both openings 75,77. The threads bit into both flanges63, 65 and bases 9, 15 and the head 83 overlies both the flanges and thebases to retain the hinge members 5, 7 on the panels 3.

The hinge member 5 on one panel 3 is interconnected with the hingemember 7 on an adjacent panel 3 by sliding the hinge sections 11, 13within the hinge sections 17, 19 as shown in FIG. 1. First section 11lies within second section 17; second section 17 lies within thirdsection 13; third section 13 in turn lies within fourth section 19. Thefour sections 11, 17, 13, 19 are concentric within each other permittingthe adjacent panels 3 to rotate relative to each other about alongitudinal axis 85. Axis 85 generally defines the center of curvatureof the four hinge sections 11, 17, 13, 19.

To retain the adjacent panels 3 interconnected longitudinally a fastener87 having a threaded shank 89 and a head 91 is employed as shown in FIG.6. The fastener 87 is threaded into the part circular opening 93 definedby first hinge section 11, on hinge member 5, the threads biting intohinge section 11. The head 91 on fastener is large enough to at leastoverlie the second hinge section 17 on the other hinge member 7. Withthe hinge members 5, 7 inter connected in this manner, the adjacentpanels 3 normally cannot separate.

The hinge 1 described above is known. In accordance with the presentinvention, in one embodiment, means are provided for strengthening thehinge 1. The strengthening means comprise means for more securelyconnecting the interconnected hinge members 5, 7 together to therebyminimize the possibility of the hinge members being pulled or forcedtransversely apart. The connecting means, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8comprises a thin, strong link member 101 adapted to be connected betweenboth hinge members 5, 7 at each end of the hinge 1 without interferingwith the hinge action. Preferably, the link member 101 is connected tothe hinge members 5, 7 using existing components of the hinge.

In more detail, the link member 101 has a first opening 103 adjacent oneend 105 and a second opening 107 adjacent the other end 109. The portion111 of the link 101 adjacent end 105 is substantially large enough tocover the end of base 15 of hinge member 7. The portion 113 of the link101 adjacent end 105 is substantially larger than portion 111, the link101 enlarged from one straight side 115 to form portion 113. The portion113 is large enough to cover the ends of all the hinge sections, whenthe hinge members are interconnected, including the outer most hingesection 19. The straight sides 115, 117 of link 101 are generallyparallel and also generally parallel to the panel 3 connected to thebase 15 when the link is connected to the hinge members. The center offirst opening 103 is generally aligned with panel 3 while the center ofsecond opening 107 is offset to one side of panel 3. The first opening103 is circular and is sized to pass fastener 79 therethrough. Thesecond opening 107 is also circular and is sized to pass fastener 87therethrough. The link 101 is attached to the end of hinge 1 usingfasteners 79 and 87. The link 101 is positioned flat against the end ofhinge 1 with opening 103 aligned with opening 77 formed in part by hingemember 7 and with opening 107 aligned with the opening 93 defined by thefirst hinge section 11 in hinge member 5. Fasteners 79 and 87 are theninserted into openings 77, 93 passing through the openings 103, 107respectively in link member 101 to connect the link 101 to the hinge 1and to thus join the hinge members 5, 7 together. It will be seen thatno separate means are needed to connect link 101 to hinge 1.

Since the hinge members 5, 7 may not always rotate radially about axis85, the opening 107 may be slightly enlarged to allow for sometransverse play between the hinge members 5, 7 during relative rotationbetween the members and to thus minimize binding and wear. The opening107 can be enlarged about its entire periphery or only about opposedportions 119, 121 of its periphery as shown in dotted lines in FIG. 7.These enlarged portions 119, 121 are aligned generally on a line 123which is generally parallel with the sides 115, 117 of link 101 so as toposition them in the area of the greatest amount of transverse playduring opening or closing of the hinge. The greatest amount oftransverse play occurs just after starting to open the hinge when theleast area of second hinge section 17 bears on first hinge section 11,and occurs in a direction generally parallel to panel 3 fastened to base15.

In another embodiment of the invention means are provided for minimizinghinge wear. When the head 91 of the fastener 87 abuts against the end ofthe hinge 1. particularly when the fastener is the bottom fastener in avertical, hinged closure, the head 91 of the fastener 87 can wear intothe hinge section 17 during relative rotation of the hinge members andthis would occasionally lead to binding of the hinge. To minimize theproblem, means are provided for spacing the head 91 of the fastener 87away from the hinge section 17. These spacing means can comprise awasher 125 sized to just fit over the first hinge section 11 as shown inFIG. 9. The washer 125 spaces the head 91 away from the next adjacentsection 17 which rotates relative to section 11 to which fastener 87 isfastened. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 10, the fastener 87 can beprovided with a shoulder 127 adjacent head 91 sized to fit only onsection 11 and to thus space head 91 away from the adjacent section 17.

When link 101 is employed, the opening 107 is preferably made largeenough to comfortably receive either the washer 125 or the shoulder 127therein without binding as shown in FIG. 11. The washer 125, or theshoulder 127 both have a thickness slightly greater than the thicknessof link 101 to prevent the head 91 of fastener 87 from wearing down link101 during operation of the hinge.

I claim:
 1. An assembly for rotatably joining together first and secondpanels about a vertical axis in a folding closure comprising: a verticalhinge having; a first elongated hinge member having two long sides,means on one of said long sides for connecting said first hinge memberto said first panel, first and third curved hinge sections on the otherof said long sides; a second elongated hinge member having two elongatedsides, means on one of said second hinge member long sides forconnecting said second hinge member to said second panel, second andfourth curved hinge sections on the other of said second hinge memberlong sides; said curved hinge sections on said first and second hingemembers being interconnected to rotatably connect said hinge memberstogether with the first hinge section lying within the second hingesection, the second section lying within the third hinge section, andthe third hinge section lying within the fourth hinge section; afastener having a head and a shank at at least the bottom end of saidhinge for preventing longitudinal separation of said interconnectedhinge members; said fastener being fastened by its said shank to thebottom end of the first curved hinge sections, the said head of the saidfastener underlying the bottom end of the fourth hinge section, andspacer means completely encircling and carried by said fastener shankand located between said fastener head and the bottom ends of saidcurved hinge sections, the spacer means lying within the second hingesection for preventing said fastener head from contacting said bottomend of the second hinge section it underlies; and a link at said bottomend of said hinge for connecting said hinge members together, saidfastener connecting said link to one of said hinge members by passingthrough an opening in one end of the said link, said spacer meanspositioned in the opening and having a thickness slightly greater thanthe thickness of said link.
 2. An assembly as claimed in claim 1 whereinthe spacer means comprises a washer.